Explanation Text

Making Paper from Woodchips

Woodchipping is a process used to obtain pulp and paper products from forest trees. The woodchipping process begins when the trees are cut down in a selected area of the forest called a coupe.

Next the tops and branches of the trees are cut out and then the logs are taken to the mill. At the mill the bark of the logs is removed and the logs are taken to a chipper which cuts them into small pieces called woodchips. The woodchips are then screened to remove dirt and other impurities. At this stage they are either exported in this form or changed into pulp by chemicals and heat. The pulp is then bleached and the water content is removed.

Finally the pulp is rolled out to make paper.

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Hortatory Exposition Text

The Importance Of Reading

I personally think that reading is a very important activity in our life. Why do I say so?

Firstly, by reading we can get a lot of knowledge about many things in the world such as Science, technology, sports, arts, culture, etc written in either books, magazine, newspaper, etc.

Secondly, by reading we can get a lot of news and information about something happening in any parts of the world which can we see directly.

Another reason, reading can give us pleasure too. When we are tired, we read books, novel, comic, newspaper or magazine on the entertainment column such as comedy, short story, quiz, etc. To make us relaxed.

The last, reading can also take us to other parts of the world. By reading a book about Irian Jaya we may feel we’re really sitting there not at home in our rooms.

From the facts above, it’s obvious that everyone needs to read to get knowledge, information and also entertainment. Or in summary we can say reading is truly important in our life.

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Analytical Exposition Text

Learning English

Why is Learning English Important?

Language is the mean of communication. Mostly groups of society have their own languages. Some of them appear the top global languages. Most people in the world hear about English, Arabic, and Mandarin. However English is the most global spoken language. Then if a man wants to catch a global goal, he has to master English.

Everyone recognize that English is an international language. English is used in writing and speaking by many people all over the world. It can be either as a first or second language. We even hear British, American, Australian, and even Singaporean English. Those various names of English are used as the first language in those countries. Futhermore, some countries have their own languages as a mother language but also use English mostly in daily comunication.

Besides usage in daily interaction, English is also used as a key to open doors leading to scientific and technical knowledge. No wonder we find manual guides and instructions of many devices written in English. Even if we have a pack of instant noodle, we will see the cooking instruction also written in English. This transfer of science and technic will include many countries in economic, social and politics development.

Finaly, the most easily seen in the importance of learning English is that most top requirement in filling job opportunities is the ability using English; active or passive. Job applicants who master English are more favourable than ones who do not.

The above facts prove that everybody needs to learn English if he likes to greet the global era.

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Procedure Text

How to make fried rice (nasi goreng)

Prep time: Depends on how fast you can chop up the ingredients. I take a long time to cut things. It also cuts a lot of time if the rice is already cooked. We use leftover rice, while fresh new rice is cooking. (*A helpful reader pointed out that it’s important to use leftover rice because it has less moisture. The full explanation is here.)

Calories: We don’t believe in counting those in Indonesia, and we’re fans of the empty calories (i.e. krupuks).

Ingredients:

·         A handful of shallots

·         A handful of garlic

·         2 eggs

·         A handful of red chili peppers

·         One large red chili pepper

·         About 5 cups of cooked rice

·         Vegetable oil

·         Salt

·         Cucumber (optional)

Steps:

1) Cut the red shallots, garlic, and red chili peppers.

2) Fry all this together using a wok-like pan and about ¼ cup of vegetable oil.

3) Once the mixture is sufficiently soft and cooked, remove it from the oil. Use a stone grinder to mash the ingredients;. Add about 1 teaspoon of salt.

4) Crack two eggs and scramble in the same wok with same, leftover oil.

5) Once the eggs are scrambled, stir in about 5 cups of cooked, white rice.

6) Stir in the ground mixture of garlic, peppers and shallots.

Done!

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Report Text

The Red Bird Of Paradise

An Indonesian endemic, the Red Bird of Paradise is distributed to lowland rainforests of Waigeo and Batanta islands of West Papua. This species shares its home with another bird of paradise, the Wilson's Bird of Paradise. Hybridisation between these two species are expected but not recorded yet.

The Red Bird of Paradise, Paradisaea rubra is a large, up to 33cm long, brown and yellow bird of paradise with a dark brown iris, grey legs and yellow bill. The male has an emerald green face, a pair of elongated black corkscrew-shaped tail wires, dark green feather pompoms above each eye and a train of glossy crimson red plumes with whitish tips at either side of the breast.

The male measures up to 72 cm long, including the ornamental red plumes that require at least six years to fully attain. The female resembles the male but is smaller in size, with a dark brown face and has no ornamental red plumes. The diet consists mainly of fruits, berries and arthropods.

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Recount Text

Going to School

My mother got me ready for school then I had to wait for her to brush my hair and place every strand

in just the perfect position.

I had to show her my shoes that I had cleaned the night before and my school bag had to be neatly put on my shoulder before I could

get near the door. Only after my mother was totally satisfied, would I be allowed to rush out of the front door.

I would leave home at 7 am on the dot and make my way down the lane. After a walk of about 700 metres I would be able to see the tall steeple of the

school.

The playground would be full in the summer and the noise would make me want to rush into the yard and get into a good game of football before the bell

ringing.

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Narrative Text

The Bear and Rabbit

Once upon a time, there lived a bear and a rabbit. The rabbit is a good shot. In contrary, the bear is always clumsy and could not use the arrow.

One day, the bear called over the rabbit and asked the rabbit to take his bow and arrows.
The rabbit was fearing to arouse the bear's anger so he could not refuse it. He went with the bear and shot enough buffalo to satisfy the hungry family. Indeed he shot and killed so many that there were lots of meats left after.

However the bear did not want the rabbit to get any of the meat. The rabbit could not even taste the meat. The poor rabbit would have to go home hungry after his hard day's work.

The bear was the father of five children. Fortunately, the youngest child was very kind to the rabbit. He was very hearty eater. The mother bear always gave him an extra large piece of meat but the youngest child did not eat it. He would take it outside with him and pretended to play ball with the meat. He kicked toward the rabbit's house.When he got close to the door he would give the meat with such a great kick. The meat would fly into the rabbit's house. In this way, the poor rabbit would get his meal.

Baca Selengkapnya... Narrative Text

Adjective & Adverb

Adjective (kata sifat) memberikan informasi tentang kata benda. Contoh:

·         She’s an excellent dancer.

·         I’ve got a new apartment.

Adverb (kata keterangan) merubah kata kerja, yakni kata keterangan menjelaskan bagaimana sesuatu dilakukan. Contoh:

- She learns quickly.
- You can speak English well.

Adjective (kata sifat)

Adjective bisa ditempatkan sebelum kata benda. Contoh:

·         This is a beautiful bird.

·         “This is a bird beautiful.” tidak benar.

Kata sifat memberikan informasi seperti ukuran (kecil, besar), bentuk (bulat, persegi), warna (kuning, hijau), kebangsaan (Cina, Polandia), dan opini (baik, buruk).

Adjective tidak mengalami perubahan yang tergantung pada jumlah (tunggal atau jamak). Contoh:

·         She has a cute puppy.

·         She has three cute puppies.

Perhatikan bahwa adjective (cute) tidak mengalami perubahan baik dalam bentuk tunggal (puppy) maupun jamak (puppies).

Adjective juga bisa ditempatkan setelah kata kerja tertentu seperti be, feel, look, dan taste. Contoh:

·         I’m really happy today.

·         She’s got a new job so she feels great.

·         You look wonderful!

·         This chicken tastes delicious.

Adverb (kata keterangan)

Adverb sering dibentuk dengan menambahkan -ly di belakang adjective. Contoh:

·         quick (adjective) - He’s quick at learning new things.

·         quickly (adverb) - He learns quickly.

·         bad (adjective) - He didn’t get a bad test score.

·         badly (adverb) - He didn’t do badly in his test.

Untuk adverb yang terbentuk dari adjective yang berakhiran dengan huruf “-y”ganti “-y” dengan “-i” dan tambahkan “-ly“. Contoh:

·         easy (adjective) - He thinks math is easy.

·         easily (adverb) - He can do math easily.

·         happy (adjective) - He’s a happy man.

·         happily (adverb) - He works happily every day.

Untuk adverb yang terbentuk dari adjective yang berakhiran dengan huruf “-le” ganti “-le” dengan “-ly“. Contoh:

·         simple (adjective) - The teacher makes difficult things simple.

·         simply (adverb) - He teaches simply and clearly.

Beberapa adverb sama dengan adjective. Contoh:

·         He runs fast (adverb) - He’s a fast runner. (adjective)

·         He studies hard. (adverb) - It’s a hard life. (adjective)

Adverb untuk “good” adalah “well“. Contoh:

·         She’s a good pianist.

·         She plays the piano well.

Adverb juga bisa mengubah adjective dan adverb-adverb lainnya. Contoh:

·         That’s a good book.

·         That’s a very good book.

·         She’s a talented girl.

·         She’s an incredibly talented girl.

·         You’re right!

·         You’re absolutely right!

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Kalimat Idiom

A Drop in the Bucket:                                                    

~Sebuah bagian kecil dari sesuatu yang begitu besar secara keseluruhan.        

                                                       

A Leopard Can't Change His Spots:                                                          

~Anda tidak akan mampu mengubah siapa diri anda.

A Fool And His Money Are Easily Parted:                                                              

~Sangat mudah bagi orang bodoh untuk kehilangan uangnya.           

                                           

A Doubting Thomas:                                                      

~Seorang skeptis yang membutuhkan bukti fisik agar ia mempercayai sesuatu.                                                    

A House Divided Against Itself Cannot Stand:                                                     

~Setiap orang harus menyatukan diri dan bekerja bersama-sama atau tidak akan berhasil.                                             

I was bored to death at the beginning, but it was fun in the end:
~Mulanya saya merasa sangat bosan, tapi lama-lama asik juga.

Cock and Bull Story:

Sebuah kisah yang luar biasa.

Come Hell Or High Water:

Sesuatu yang sulit atau sebuah hambatan.

Crack Someone Up:

Membuat seseorang tertawa.

Cross Your Fingers:

Berharap sesuatu terjadi sesuai dengan yang anda inginkan.

Cry Wolf:

Sengaja membuat alarm palsu.

Cup Of Joe:

Secangkir kopi.

Curiosity Killed The Cat:

Menjadi sangat ingin tahu membuat anda berada pada situasi berbahaya.

Dark Horse:

Orang yang sebelumnya tidak diketahui dan sekarang menonjol.

Cry Over Spilt Milk:

Ketika anda mengeluh terhadap sebuah kehilangan di masa lalu.

Cut to the Chase:

Tinggalkan semua detail yang tidak penting dan beralihlah hanya ke satu poin penting.

Dead Ringer:

Sebuah duplikat.

Dog Days of Summer:

Hari-hari paling panas di musim panas.

Baca Selengkapnya... Kalimat Idiom

Pengertian Phrasal Verb

Sebagian phrasal verb dapat diartikan dari tiap kata penyusunnya (verb dan particle) atau dari kata kerjanya saja dimana particle digunakan untuk memberi penekanan arti. Sehingga tidak terlalu sulit bagi non-native learner untuk memahami frasa tersebut.

§  Contoh:

§  You can put off your shoes here. (Kamu dapat melepas sepatumu disini.)

§  He will get into trouble if you drink alcohol. (Dia akan masuk ke dalammasalah jika dia minum alkohol.)

The man has decided to close his business down. (Pria itu telah memutuskan untuk menutup usahanya selamanya.)

Namun sebagian phrasal verb yang lain yang tidak dapat ditebak artinya dari komponen penyusunnya atau dengan kata lain merupakan idiom. Kelompok inilah yang kerap membingungkan. Solusinya adalah dengan menghapalkan phrasal verb bermakna idiom yang umum digunakan sehari-hari.

Contoh:

§  While studying, she dropped off. (Ketika sedang belajar, dia tertidur.)

§  The subsidized fuel has run out. (BBM Premium telah habis.)

Selain itu, banyak pula phrasal verb tersebut yang memiliki lebih dari satu makna, baik yang bermaknaidiom maupun sebenarnya.
Contoh:

§  Toni picked up that ball. (Toni mengambil (dengan tangan) bola itu.)

§  Pick up your shoes. (Rapikan sepatumu.)

My brother picked up some hats. (Saudara laki-lakiku mengoleksi beberapa buah topi.)

Baca Selengkapnya... Pengertian Phrasal Verb